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The Production Costs of 4K: From Acquisition to Archiving

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Juliet McNally from AbelCine takes a sober look at what exactly 4K will cost to shoot and archive focusing solely on the production costs.

Cost of 4K

4K was the definitive buzzword at NAB this year, as well as CES, with a number of manufacturers releasing 4K televisions, 4K game systems, and 4K cameras. With the consumer demand for 4K content just around the corner, one of the most often asked questions is “How much is this gonna cost us?!” After polling a number of industry sources, I decided to try and break down the production costs of shooting, data management, dailies creation and archiving in 4K to show that it isn’t as intimidating as you might think.

 

Let’s use a typical multi-camera one-hour television drama (such as Game of Thrones) shooting six hours of footage per day with nine cameras. And let’s assume that everything is shot in ProRes 4444 at 24fps, just to make it a little easier to get some figures. Additionally, let’s say they’re using a camera that can shoot both formats, so the production equipment is the same, but the amount of media and storage will differ. This isn’t a magical camera, by the way, there are plenty of cameras that offer 4K and 1080 recording options in the same codec, as well as external recorders like AJA’s Ki Pro Quad or the new Odyssey 7Q from Convergent Design.

Shooting

An hour of ProRes 4444 1080/24p can average around 119GB; an hour of ProRes 4444 4K/24p will average 509GB. Assuming your recording media can hold 512GB, then each card will hold either 4 hours and 15 minutes of 1080 or 1 hour of 4K (I’m leaving space because a 512GB card almost never has 512GBs available to fill).  So let’s figure out how many cards we need. Nine cameras shooting six hours of footage total, means each camera is shooting 40 minutes of footage. You usually want to have at least one card per camera as a back up. So for this show, regardless of 1080 or 4K, the card count would remain the same: two cards per camera. However, you probably won’t want to clear your cards until you hear from post that everything looks ok, so for safety let’s say four cards per camera for a total of thirty-six 512GB cards.

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